依那西普对台湾类风湿关节炎患者癌症发生的影响
477
Impact of Etanercept On Incident Cancer in Taiwanese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Background/Purpose: The recent Taiwanese report has indicated an
elevated risk of malignancy in RA patients1. Etanercept, one of the tumor
necrotic factor inhibitors (TNF-I) to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
has been approved in Taiwan for 10 years. Its effect in ameliorating
inflammation in RA has been shown prominent. Although the potential risk of
TNF-I on cancer in RA patients has been reported, the impact of TNF-I in
Asian RA patients is still lacking. We used the National Health Insurance
Database in Taiwan to investigate if etanercept impacts on incident cancer in
RA patients.
Methods: A prospective one-to-one case-control study matched with age,
gender, index day (prescription date of etanercept), RA duration (from the
date of RA diagnosis to the index day), dosage and duration of methotrexate
usage was conducted. Cancer incidence, including solid-tumor and hematological
malignancy, was compared in RA patients between etanercept users
and those who were nave to the TNF-I. Cox proportional hazard model was
used for analysis.
Results: Among the 1,931 matched pairs (3,180 women and 682 men
with the mean age of 53.8 years) during a mean follow-up of 3.7 years, 36
subjects were found cancer in the case-cohort (31 solid-tumor and 5
hematologic malignancy), and 48 in the control-cohort (46 solid-tumor and 2
hematologic malignancy). The incidences of total cancer in subjects with RA
duration within 1 year and 1? years were 37.0 x103 and 11.6 x103
person-years in the case-cohort, which were lower than those of 127.2 x103
and 27.9 x103 person-years in the control-cohort, respectively (the corresponding
p0.002 and 0.03). On the other hand, the incidences of total cancer
in subjects with RA duration within 2? years and more than 3 years were
12.8 x103 and 2.8 x103 person-years in the case-cohort, which were higher
than those of 6.7 x103 and 1.9 x103 person-years in the control-cohort,
respectively (the corresponding p0.15 and 0.35). The incidence of hematologic
malignancy in the case-cohort was 0.95 x103 person-years, which
was 2.5 times higher than that of 0.38 x103 person-years in the controlcohort
(p0.26). Although no statistically significant risk of etanercept was
noted for total cancer after multivariate adjustment, hazard ratios for solid
tumor and hematologic malignancy were 0.70 (95% confidence interval,
0.44–1.33) and 2.17 (0.42–11.23), respectively.
Conclusion: A potential benefit of etanercept was shown for patients
with shorter RA duration by a trend of lower cancer incidence in the
etanercept users compared with controls, which was contrasted to the
findings noted for patients with RA duration more than 2 years. Although
a trend of higher risk of hematologic malignancy for etanercept users than
controls was noted in the current study, we may not conclude a
significantly higher risk for RA patients received etanercept than those
who received the convention treatment to develop cancer. Further investigation
is needed in the future.
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